1. There is a link between athletic pubalgia (AP) / sports hernia (SH), tendon pain and FAI[1-4]
  2. Weakness of the posterior abdominal wall is a proposed factor for AP / SH and increases stress across the bony hemiplevis – this weakness has been proposed to increase load to factors that lead to FAI[2]
  3. There is a link between hip adductor weakness and hip adductor strains[5, 6]
  4. FAI is a causative factor for labral tears and / or articular cartilage damage and subsequent hip osteoarthritis
  5. We know that the “at risk position” of hockey skating is the push-off (hip external rotation) and recovery (hip internal rotation) for factors known to cause impingement of the femoral neck against the acetabulum
  6. There is an exposure / maturation association between overuse and recurrent contact (microtrauma) between the femoral epiphysis and the acetabulum from repetitive motion leading to increasing alpha angle and years of hockey playing
  7. FAI is painful and can limit athletic function due to well established decreased hip range of motion (IR)
  8. FAI and AP and AS can all be misdiagnosed for each other
  9. Limited ROM and dysmorphology of the hip joint have been detected in athletes with osteitis pubis

 

References

 

  1. Economopoulos, K.J., et al., Radiographic evidence of femoroacetabular impingement in athletes with athletic pubalgia. Sports Health, 2014. 6(2): p. 171-7.
  2. Hammoud, S., et al., The recognition and evaluation of patterns of compensatory injury in patients with mechanical hip pain. Sports Health, 2014. 6(2): p. 108-18.
  3. Hammoud, S., et al., High incidence of athletic pubalgia symptoms in professional athletes with symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement. Arthroscopy, 2012. 28(10): p. 1388-95.
  4. Sansone, M., et al., Can hip impingement be mistaken for tendon pain in the groin? A long-term follow-up of tenotomy for groin pain in athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2014. 22(4): p. 786-92.
  5. Tyler, T.F., et al., The effectiveness of a preseason exercise program to prevent adductor muscle strains in professional ice hockey players. Am J Sports Med, 2002. 30(5): p. 680-3.
  6. Tyler, T.F., et al., The association of hip strength and flexibility with the incidence of adductor muscle strains in professional ice hockey players. Am J Sports Med, 2001. 29(2): p. 124-8.